Propriedades físico-mecânicas de placas oclusais confeccionadas por manufatura aditiva e por técnicas convencionais: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Additive manufacturing through three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as an alternative in therapeutic approaches involving occlusal splints, due to reduced fabrication time and decreased material waste. However, to ensure the clinical effectiveness of these appliances, it is essential that they exhibit adequate physical and mechanical properties, which are influenced by both the material and the manufacturing technique. The aim of this integrative review is to analyze and compare the physical and mechanical properties of occlusal splints fabricated using additive manufacturing via 3D printing and conventional techniques. A literature search was conducted based on the PECO strategy across the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, BVS, and Web of Science databases. In vitro studies were included without restrictions on language or publication date. Case reports, literature reviews, and studies addressing the topic indirectly were excluded. DeCS/MeSH descriptors were used and combined using the Boolean operators AND and OR. A total of 286 studies were identified, of which 14 met the predefined eligibility criteria. Additionally, three studies were included through cross-referencing, resulting in a total of 17 in vitro studies analyzed. Conventional materials demonstrated superior performance in most of the properties evaluated, although additive resins showed better performance in terms of wear resistance. Additive manufacturing through 3D printing, due to its production speed, may be considered a viable alternative in clinical situations requiring temporary or short-term appliances