Determinantes das condições de saúde na participação do mercado de trabalho por gênero no Brasil

Abstract

This study investigates the determinants of health conditions in labor market participation by gender in Brazil, using microdata from the 2019 Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS/IBGE) and Linear Probability and Probit models. Among Brazilians aged 15 to 65, 57.27% self-reported “good” health, although 34% presented at least one Noncommunicable Chronic Disease (NCD) and 37.1% had an unhealthy lifestyle related to smoking and/or alcohol consumption—a factor that, unlike the others, is positively associated with labor market participation. The results show that women with “good” health are 1.12% less likely to enter the labor market compared to those reporting “very good” health, an effect that intensifies as health status worsens. Physical inactivity, poor diet, low educational attainment, NCDs, and residing in urban areas reduce the probability of participation for both genders, highlighting the combined influence of health, lifestyle, and socioeconomic context.