Espectroscopia para o ensino de física moderna e cosmologia

Abstract

In this work a Didactic Sequence on the subject Spectroscopy and Expansion of the Universe was elaborated, involving contents about Modern Physics, aiming to direct the student to obtain new knowledge through this teaching prospect. The elaborated sequence was applied to a 3rd year Youth and Adult Education (EJA) class at a College of Application at a federal public university in October and November 2018. The classes were based on experimental spectroscope and artifacts. Newton's disc; videos about continuous spectrum of visible light, Bohr's atom and discrete spectrum. Experiments were also developed by the teacher in which students could have greater contact with spectroscopy, consisting of spectroscopes, boxes with lamps and cell phones. During the classes the SpectraUPB application and the Spectralworkbench program page were used to determine the measurement of spectra from various light sources. In the final part of the sequence, videos on Hubble's Law and the Expansion of the Universe were used, in which students were able to assimilate and understand in a more concrete way the relationship involving spectroscopy with the studies of Edwin P. Hubble, with his theory that the universe is expanding. In the last classes students experimented with balloons that simulate the universe to observe and calculate the Hubble constant, through a graphing activity and the subsequent calculation of the age of the universe. About the analysis of the activities performed during the Didactic Sequence applications, the students were very interested and motivated to learn. This was verified by the active participation of the students observed during the classes. We conclude that the variety of activities performed during the teaching and learning process contributed to the achievement of good results.