Nas linhas da evolução fabril: o desenvolvimento restrito da grande indústria no setor de calçados no Brasil (1890-1990)

Abstract

This monograph aims to identify the development of the large industry in the footwear sector. The research was conducted by analyzing the Marxist triad cooperation, manufacturing, and large industry. The footwear sector was studied by the various areas of knowledge, but the authors focused primarily on the size of companies, rather than the technical basis of production. The historical analysis consisted in verifying the main foundations for the productive development, as well as identifying the factory structure and its own need for organization. The footwear industry in Brazil was characterized by heterogeneity in size of establishments and high level of cheap labor hiring. From exports the footwear sector underwent several striking productive changes. The high degree of mechanization and technology was not able to supplant the stage of manufacture. At the peak of exports, the sector remained organized on the artisanal technical basis.