Desafios e possibilidades para o acesso às informações públicas e a transparência ativa na Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - MG

Abstract

This thesis was developed within the scope of the Professional Master's degree in Management and Evaluation of Public Education (PPGP) of the Public Policies Center and Education Evaluation of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CAEd /UFJF). The management case studied addressed the accountability, transparency and access to public information at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF). It was assumed as a hypothesis that the deficient dissemination of public data, mainly in the academic area, generates recurring requests for access to information in the institution's service channels. Consequently, the following guiding question for this study was defined: how to improve the dissemination of public data on the UFJF Transparency Portal, given the demand for active transparency, arising from the Access to Information Law No. 12,527 / 2011? The general goal of this study, therefore, was to improve the dissemination of public data on the UFJF Transparency Portal. As a theoretical framework, we used studies by authors that address the accountability, transparency and access to information in universities and other public bodies, such as Garrido (2012), Gama and Rodrigues (2016), Montenegro Júnior and Vieira (2016), and also authors who approach the communication studies, technology, and digital cultures, such as Habermas (1987, 2006), Angélico and Teixeira M. (2012) and Bruno and Couto (2019). Qualitative field research was used as a methodology and, as research instruments, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The research was divided into two theoretical-analytical axes. The first axis investigated the flow of access to information in the best 10 federal universities in the country, according to the transparency ranking, and also UFJF. The second theoretical-analytical axis investigated public transparency in two selected institutions, which adopted innovative Information Technology (IT) solutions for the dissemination of information on their websites, as well as the UFJF Transparency Portal. The research revealed incipient procedures and the absence of systems to manage flow of access to information in most of the universities investigated, which causes delays in providing information. In the case of UFJF, besides the points mentioned, the lack of communication between the sector of transparency and the service channels was also verified. On the other hand, it was observed that the technological innovation initiatives, the open data portals, and a good interlocution between the service channels and the information holding units of the investigated reference institutions proved to be efficient in promoting their transparency and accountability. The analysis of the collected data supported the preparation of an Educational Action Plan (PAE) for this study. The PAE presented four propositional actions to improve the flow of access to information at UFJF and the availability of public data on its Transparency Portal. The research concluded that the number of requests for access to information decreased in public bodies that implemented innovative IT solutions to enhance their transparency process, thus confirming the hypothesis defended in this thesis.