Preditores de excesso de peso em pessoas que vivem com HIV em uso de TARV: aspectos nutricionais, clínicos, sociodemográficos e comportamentais

Abstract

Introduction: With the introduction of antirretroviral therapy, there has been a decline in the rates of morbity em mortality from AIDS in the world. The adverse effects of medication, the interactions of the virus with the organism and metabolic and body composition changes can lead to chronic non-communicable diseases and obesity, reinforcing the need for nutritional itervention to identify, treat and prevent nutritional disorders. The present study related overweight of people living with HIV on antirretroviral therapy to socioeconomic, sociodemographic and clinical factors, behaviors, infection time and class of antiretroviral. A quantitative, cross-sectional and correlational study, was carried out with 65 people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy, assisted at the Specialized Assistance Service of the Municipal Department of sexually transmitted diseases/AIDS at Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Participants answered a questionnaire for sociodemographic, socioeconomic, clinical and behavioral assessment. Anthropometric and body composition assessments and research medical records. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for univariate and multivariate data. 65 patients receiving antiretroviral therapy were assessed, with a mean age of 41 years; 35 (54%) were women, with mean time of infection of 98 months and 47 (72%) with an undetectable viral load. The proportion of overweight was 60% (39), 38 (58,5%) with high risk for waist-to-height ratio and waist and neck circumference indicated 37 (57%) e 28 (43%), respectively, with excess body fat. Overweight was associated with age, waist circumference, income, time of contagion and viral load. In addition to interactions between the virus and the immune and cardiometabolic system that demand our attention, it’s important to understand the factors that influence nutritional changes and treat overweight to prevent multiple comorbidities.