Declínio cognitivo na doença renal crônica (DRC): influências da deficiência de ferro

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Cognitive decline (CD) is common in chronic kidney patients, yet little investigated. Several factors contribute to such decline, with iron deficiency being a frequent and treatable occurrence, with an impact on quality of life and adherence to treatment. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate whether iron deficiency influences cognitive decline in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. METHOD: A cross-sectional evaluation of 54 patients was performed, including laboratory evaluation, complete cognitive screening, and sleep, depression and functionality scales. RESULTS: There was an increased frequency of obstructive sleep apnea symptoms (76.9%), restless legs and daytime sleepiness (35.2%) and depressive symptoms (BDI) (34.7%). The screening test with the highest significance was the MoCA (59.3%), even after the scores were adjusted regarding the level of schooling, as it is associated with ferritin<100ng/mL, with hemoglobin <11g/dL and transferrin saturation <20%, as well as with the level of schooling, depression and loss of kidney function. CONCLUSION: CD and depressive symptoms were frequent and partially explained by inadequate levels of iron and hemoglobin.