Controle de partículas aéreas nos procedimentos cirúrgicos durante a pandemia da covid-19: revisão de escopo

Abstract

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus 2019, or COVID19, as a pandemic and public health emergency. The growing knowledge about the pathogenicity and transmissibility of the Sars-CoV-2 virus has required rapid responses from health systems, based on this scenario. In this sense, a scope review was carried out in order to map the technical and managerial strategies for handling and reducing the production of airborne particles in surgical procedures during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scope review was adopted, with documents indexed in the MEDLINE, BVS, CINAHL Cochrane, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases, published in full in Portuguese, English or Spanish, between December 2019 and July 2021 Studies from indexed academic journals and protocols published by academic associations involving health recommendations on technical and managerial procedures for handling and reducing the production of airborne particles from patients infected with Sars-CoV-2 were included. Studies that did not contain information on the management of airborne particles (droplet or aerosol) or that were not related to health care in the operating room were excluded. Results: Of the studies analyzed in full, 18 works were selected and their results were categorized into: recommendations for the environment; recommendations for the team and recommendations for technique/surgical procedure. Conclusion: the evidence on the management and reduction of air particle production in surgical procedures is supported by recommendations related to the operating room environment, the multidisciplinary team and the surgical procedure. The implications of the research for nursing practice are related to the production of a map of recommendations for controlling the production of particles in the activities of the operating room and in protecting the team.