Construção e validação de cenário clínico para a avaliação de competências na reanimação cardiopulmonar em adultos

Abstract

This study aimed to construct and validate a simulated scenario for the evaluation of skills in the care of hemodynamically unstable patients with evolution to cardiopulmonary arrest. Method: this is a methodological study, carried out in five stages: the first was characterized by bibliographical research with the purpose of elaboration of the second stage, the construction of the script divided into two scenarios and the instrument for assessing skills, both related to the patient in cardiorespiratory arrest. The script was elaborated from the instructional design of four components, from the conceptual components of the National League for Nursing Jeffries Simulation Theory, from the best practices for simulation proposed by the International Nursing Association of Clinical and Simulation Learning, in turn, the evaluation instrument was based on the most recent guidelines of the American Heart Association. The third stage included content validation from May to July 2020. The Content Validity Coefficient was used to analyze the data regarding scope, relevance and clarity. The script was forwarded by email with a link from the Google forms® application to judges, simulation experts and critical patient care environments. Then, the fourth stage took care of the pilot test to evaluate appearance with the target audience between July and December 2021. Pre/post-test, skills assessment, debriefing and application of student satisfaction scales and self-confidence of learning and simulation design were used. The fifth stage dissolved throughout the process, with the following adhering to the suggestions of the judges and academics, associated with the current literature. The pilot test was conducted with nursing undergraduates from the 8th period of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, enrolled in the discipline Adult and Elderly Health II. Results: 14 judges participated in content validation and the CVC was > 90. Appearance validation was performed by 17 students with aboveaverage results, such as the evolution of pre-test correct answers from 57.05% to 91.76% in the post-test, 87.26% of the skills developed adequately and mean satisfaction scales 4.71  0.24 and simulation design presented an average of 4.83  0.25. Conclusion: the scenario developed was validated regarding the scope, relevance and clarity, being considered appropriate for the evaluation of competencies in the care of hemodynamically unstable patients with evolution to cardiopulmonary arrest.