Avaliação anatômica da região posterior da mandíbula por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico no planejamento pré-operatório em implantodontia

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate and correlate the anatomical features of the posterior mandibular (submandibular fossa depth, height and thickness of the alveolar bone and mandible canal corticalization), aimed at preventing accidents and insurance planning in implantology. Four parasagittal slices of 100 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) were analyzed bilateraly. Linear measurements of depth of the submandibular fossa and height and thickness of the alveolar bone were performed. The mandible canal corticalization was also evaluated and classified. The results indicated that the depth of the submandibular fossa and thickness alveolar bone showed significant effect on the variability of the sample. Correlations between the depth of the submandibular fossa and thickness bone were observed. Height and thickness of the alveolar bone showed significant negative correlation with patient age. It can be concluded that the main variables responsible for the variability of the sample were submandibular fossa depth and thickness alveolar bone, and the higher the bone thickness, higher values were found deep submandibular fossa. Pronunced submandibular fossa increases the risk of perforation of the lingual cortical, causing losses and risks in implant placement. The values of bony height and thickness negatively correlated with age of the patient, i.e. when increasing age, smaller values for height and thickness. Thus, the information obtained in this study were made possible through evaluation CBCT parasagittal slices, validating this exam as an important tool for assessing and planning for the safe installation of implants in the posterior mandible.