Urbanização, mobilidade urbana sustentável e transporte público : uma caracterização para a economia brasileira

Abstract

Sustainable urban mobility has precedents that play a relevant role in the development of a country, as it broadens the perspective of both economic development and environmental issues, such as reducing pollutants, and social issues, liked to population well-being. The current debate on urban passenger transport is a concern for this economic and environmental discussion present in Brazilian metropolises. This kind of transport service indirectly and directly affects families, with consequences to the family budget and the daily life of Brazilian's. This monograph seeks, therefore, to contribute to the discussions on accelerated urbanization, public policies aimed at more sustainable transport and the mobility of individuals. For this, it was developed in the course of this work, the study of the theories that explain urban mobility in cities and how this process took place in Brazilian territory, focusing on the Metropolitan Regions. Thus, this monograph has as main objective to analyze the process of urban expansion in Brazilian metropolises, seeking the main theoretical and empirical discussions regarding the urbanization process and making use of some statistical information from the 2010 Demographic Census. In particular, the work makes an exploratory and descriptive analysis of data from several national surveys. The conclusive results showed alternative paths that explain the increase in the use of individual transport and the reduction in the use of public transport in Brazilian metropolitan regions, in addition, the need for revisions in public policies at the national level of urban mobility was detected. Finally, it is understood that more effective public policies are necessary for articulation at different sectoral levels, such as economic, housing, health, education and transport policies.