Análise da habilidade de comunicação e frequência de perguntas englobando os aspectos biopsicossociais da dor utilizados por fisioterapeutas de um município do leste mineiro durante a anamnese

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Communication is a broad process of interaction, consisting of the acts of speaking and listening. It is extremely important to listen and understand the needs of the speaker. For health professionals, it involves sharing information between the patient/caregiver/family and physical therapists need to develop even more capabilities to optimize interaction with the patient. OBJECTIVE: To analyze communication skills and biopsychosocial aspects of pain used by physical therapists in a city in the east of Minas Gerais during anamnesis. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out in a convenience sample with 39 physical therapists who answered a questionnaire with 69 questions about sociodemographic characteristics, communication skills, and the frequency of use of the 51 SCEBS method questions on the Google Forms platform. Chi-square or Fisher's exact test were used to compare nominal data. RESULTS: the time spent in the anamnesis was variable, with the most frequent duration between 21 and 60 minutes and the completion of approximately 6 and 20 questions. Active listening and therapeutic alliance were classified as frequently practiced and established. In addition to verbal communication, the use of non-verbal communication was reported as frequent. Despite this, when investigating the most frequent questions of the biopsychosocial approach to pain, a greater frequency is observed in the questions of the somatic dimension, and a lower frequency of the social dimension. CONCLUSION: It was found that physical therapists in a city in the east of Minas Gerais consider themselves to be good communicators in the first contact with the patient. Communication skills are considered as important as clinical competence. Despite this, the questions asked are still linked to the biological context of pain, with questions from the social and psychological context being less frequent during the anamnesis.