Capacidade osteogênica e odontogênica das células-tronco derivadas de dentes decíduos humanos: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Stem cells are seen as a promissing source for oral tissue repair. One place where these cells can be found are the primary human teeth. Stem cells adventing from exfoliated primary human teeth are nominated SHEDs. The objective of this systematic review is to determine the ability of osteoblastic and odontoblastic differentiation and tissue regeneration of stem cells derived from human deciduous teeth and the research question was formulated using the P.I.C.O. to determine whether stem cells derived from human primary teeth can differentiate osteoblastically and odontoblastically. A thorough search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, EBSCOHost and Scientific Electronic Library (SciELO) databases, using a standard sequence, without restrictions by publication date or language. After bibliographic search, selections were made by analyzing the title, abstract and the full text, using inclusion and exclusion criteria by two independent evaluators. The final sample was subjected to quality analysis using the ARRIVE statement for animal model studies, modified ARRIVE and ROB2 for clinical studies. The data was organized in excel spreadsheets upon which descriptive analysis was performed. By final selection, there were 22 chosen studies. The studies that induced bone and odontoblastic differentiation in SHEDS indicated SHEDs' capacity for osteogenesis and bone formation, as well as affirming odontoblastic capacity. Moreover, SHEDs also differentiated into other cell types such as adipocytes, chondrocytes and neuronal cells when induced. Two clinical studies showed regeneration and formation of bone, dentin and pulp when SHEDs were used in patients with periodontal disease and pulp necrosis from dental trauma. Stem cells adventing from human deciduous teeth promote bone and odontoblastic differentiation and consequent formation and regeneration of the respective tissues in vivo.