Cimento de ionômero de vidro de alta viscosidade: um olhar para novas possibilidades

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse, through a review, the properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC), in the hypothesis that the alteration of the powder/liquid ratio of the conventional restorative GIC can provide similar conditions to the high viscosity GICs, with a lower cost. A bibliographic search was carried out in databases, using the keywords "art", "atraumatic restorative treatment", "glass ionomer cement", "powder liquid ratio" and "clinical trial", and it was selected 28 articles, from 1976 to 2022. In general, the manipulation of conventional restorative GICs in a higher powder/liquid ratio for application in Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART), in order to make them similar to high viscosity GICs, provided an improvement in the properties of the original material, both in laboratory and clinical environments, although the influence of several intrinsic and extrinsic factors to the oral environment had not been considered in most of the studies included in this review. There is no consensus on which GIC has the best clinical performance, considering different manufacturers, nor which GIC could generate the best cost-effectiveness for ART. Therefore, one should carefully analyse which GIC would present better applicability and durability in a context involving low-income communities, with little access to conventional dental treatments, as well as public health services.