Composição centesimal, vitaminas e minerais de Biribiri (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) da agricultura familiar do território médio Rio Doce - Minas Gerais

Abstract

This study objectified to evaluate the physical characteristics, chemical composition, content of vitamin C (ascorbic and dehydroascorbic acids), vitamin E (α, β, γ and δ-tocopherols and tocotrienols), carotenoids (α and β-carotene, β- cryptoxanthin and lycopene) and minerals in fruits of Biribiri (Averrhoa bilimbi) from the Rio Doce Valley (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Titratable acidity was determined by volumetric neutralization, pH by direct potentiometry; soluble solids by refractometry; humidity by gravimetry; the ashes by calcination in muffle; proteins by the micro-Kjeldahl method; dietary fiber by non-enzymatic gravimetric method and lipids using a soxhlet extractor. Carotenoids and vitamin C were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Vitamin E was evaluated by HPLC with fluorescence detector and fourteen minerals analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The biribiri showed high yield of edible portion (100%). It had low lipid, protein and carbohydrate content and, consequently, low total energy value (25.36 kcal / 100g). The fruit had low dietary fiber content (0.62 g / 100g), total vitamin E (17.62μg / 100g), total carotenoids (0.32g / 100g), and high vitamin C, zinc, copper, iron content, manganese, molybdenum and chrome. Regarding the heavy metals, the fruit presented cadmium absence, and traces of aluminum and nickel. In conclusion, the Biribiri fruit presented high pulp yield, which had low energy value and was an excellent source of vitamin C, iron, manganese, molybdenum and chromium and good source of zinc and copper.