Fatores associados ao diagnóstico por Covid-19 dos trabalhadores da atenção primária à saúde das diferentes regiões brasileiras

Abstract

Introduction: PHC workers and professionals linked to the Primary Health Care Residency Programs were at the forefront of the fight against Covid-19. Faced with the illness and death of these professionals, it was verified the need for studies to analyze the event, undertaking this research. Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with the diagnosis of Covid-19 in PHC workers and professionals in the PHC Residency Programs in Brazil. Method: This is a descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study, based on the analysis of data from the EPICOVID-19 BRASIL survey, carried out in different Brazilian regions, between August 2020 and March 2021, with 557 participants, 455 PHC workers and 102 APS residents. Two groups were analyzed: APS and Professionals from the APS Residency Programs: 1-nursing, 2- community health agent, 3- oral health, 4- doctors and 5- others. Data were exported from the KoBoToolbox platform to the Microsoft Office Excel program for organization and treatment. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 21.0 for Windows, was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test for the analysis of the association, adopting a significance value of 5%. The strength of the association was calculated by the prevalence ratio with a 95% confidence interval. To verify the occurrence of Covid-19, simple and descriptive analyzes were carried out of the sociodemographic, clinical and occupational variables of professionals diagnosed with Covid-19. Results: The study showed an association between the diagnosis and Brazilian regions: Northeast (p=0.04), Midwest (p=0.01), Southeast (p=0.00) and South (p=0.05). PHC professionals in the South, Northeast, Central-West and Southeast regions had a higher number of diagnoses compared to the North region. PHC professionals showed prevalence in the diagnosis compared to resident professionals. Conclusion: the use and adherence to PPE by PHC professionals and those linked to PHC Residency Programs is incipient, as is safety behavior and hand hygiene. The data suggest the need for training in the proper use of PPE and correct undressing, aiming to reduce the spread of the Covid-19 virus and other infectious viral diseases.