Os papéis de atividade em audiências no juizado especial criminal

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the activity roles performed by conciliators in three preliminary hearings at the Special Criminal Court (JECrim) of a city in the Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais. JECrim is the Brazilian justice institution responsible for prosecuting criminal offenses and crimes of lesser offensive potential, whose sentences do not exceed two years in prison. During the preliminary hearings, those involved persons have the opportunity to reach an agreement among themselves or with the Public Prosecutor's Office. This dissertation aims to contribute to the understanding of the professional practices of conciliators in these institutional meetings. For analytical purposes, we employed the principles of Interactional Sociolinguistics (GUMPERZ, 1982; 1999; GOFFMAN, [1964] 1998; [1979] 1998), role theory (SARANGI, 2010; 2011, 2014) and institutional talk-in-interaction (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, [1974] 2003; DREW; HERITAGE, 1992). The methodology is qualitative and interpretative (DENZIN; LINCOLN, 2006), based on a case study (YIN, 2015). The audiences selected for analysis, entitled A Briga, Calúnia and CNH, were audio recorded and transcribed according to the Jefferson transcription model (LODER, 2008). The analysis reveals that conciliators assume the roles of arguer, instructor, and controller, all oriented towards fulfilling the institutional mandate (MAYNARD, 1984). The role of arguer emerges in all audiences, but the order of interaction influences the extent and type of support presented in the argumentative sequences. The role of instructor is associated with tasks relevant to the institutional context of the Court, while the role of controller is linked to managing the interaction, both made relevant due to the mastery of knowledge demonstrated by the participants in the speech-in-interaction. Thus, all activity roles emerge as responses to the interactional order in audiences.