Guerras do Século XXI: a disputa por territórios e narrativas indígenas a partir do livro A queda do céu

Abstract

The present dissertation is an academic effort to gather information about indigenous experiences in Brazil. More specifically, this work provides notes and reflections on Yanomami indigenous narratives and cosmovisions based on the book "A queda do céu", written by the Yanomami indigenous shaman Davi Kopenawa in partnership with French anthropologist Bruce Albert. One of the main aims of this book is to echo the voice of the Yanomami indigenous people beyond the borders of their lands, reaching the non-indigenous population so that they stop the constant acts of physical, symbolic and material violence directed at indigenous peoples as a whole. Based on the data on narratives and territories collected in the book, perceiving it as a cosmopolitical manifesto, we sought information on how indigenous peoples perceive themselves and how they are perceived in Brazil. As such, this dissertation is the result of a research project mostly based on the bibliographical review method, with two theoretical pillars: the theoretical synthesis of Amerindian perspectivism, formulated by the anthropologists Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Tânia Stolze Lima, as well as Davi Kopenawa's personal accounts/manifestos, contained in the book “A queda do céu”. From these bases, we bring in, to a lesser extent, other theoretical contributions, such as notions about the ontological turn, symmetrical anthropology and notions of cosmopolitics, which help towards understanding the idea that indigenous narratives and Western narratives are opposed and irreconcilable because they are, above all, different worlds. This perception is fundamental to understanding indigenous experiences and struggles in Brazil. That said, the main objective of this work is to understand how the distinctions between indigenous and Western narratives culminate in a radically different perception of the functionalities of the territory, leading to violent conflicts in several senses.