Políticas públicas para a juventude no Brasil e na Colômbia: da formação da agenda à institucionalização

Abstract

This study delves into the relationship between youth and the development of public policies catering to their needs. This demographic is marked by its diversity and complexity, characterized by varying perspectives and requirements. Recognizing these distinctions is vital for crafting effective policies that encompass all facets of young people's concerns, extending beyond education, employment, and health. The analysis centers on the evolution of youth policy formulation in Latin America, with a specific focus on Brazil and Colombia, viewed through a historical lens. The study is structured around three critical junctures: the commemoration of the International Year of Youth in 1985, the crafting of youth policies in South America in the early 2000s, and the examination of present-day youth policies from a synchronized standpoint. Furthermore, we propose that a dedication to innovation and incrementalism is pivotal in addressing the ever-evolving realities and requirements of the region's youth. The primary aim is to dissect the process of shaping public youth policies, with a particular emphasis on Brazil and Colombia since the inception of the International Year of Youth in 1985. This entails comprehending the role of youth on the political agenda in these nations. Methodologically, we have embraced a descriptive-qualitative research approach, which involved the direct collection of data from key stakeholders involved in the development of youth policies. The research unfolded in two phases. The initial phase encompassed an extensive literature review, facilitating the reevaluation of sources and enhancing our grasp of the study's subject – the integration of young people into the region's social policies. The subsequent phase entailed an empirical approach involving key players, with a special focus on youth policy experts, incorporating bibliographical analysis and content analysis. The findings underscore the burgeoning interest and recognition of young individuals within the framework of public policies in Latin America, particularly in Brazil and Colombia. This aligns with UN resolutions advocating for the active engagement of young people as catalysts for change in societal development. Throughout the decades, Latin America has witnessed a profound transformation in the perception of youth, which is pivotal in crafting public policies attuned to their specific requirements and challenges. A notable outcome has been the establishment of governmental agencies exclusively dedicated to youth policies. These entities are committed to formulating and coordinating tailored policies for young individuals, demonstrating a more comprehensive and precise approach to their needs and aspirations. Nevertheless, despite these advancements, the study underscores the substantial challenges that persist in ensuring equal opportunities and full participation for young people. It underscores the paramount significance of active youth involvement in the formulation and execution of public policies, enriching democratic decision-making through the inclusion of diverse perspectives.