Eleições municipais e violência contra a mulher: a ideologia partidária do prefeito importa?

Abstract

The thesis analyzed how the election of a left-wing mayor affected violence against women in Brazilian municipalities during the period from 2012 to 2020. The initial hypothesis was that politicians affiliated with left-wing parties dedicated greater effort to drafting and implementing policies aimed at a female audience. To test this hypothesis, the Discontinuous Regression model was used. This model made it possible to compare municipalities where a left-wing candidate almost won with those where that candidate almost lost the mayoral elections. The results indicated that having a left-wing mayor caused the municipality to reduce the rate of violence against women by around 9.4%. Robustness tests revealed that these results were not due to preexisting characteristics. Additionally, the thesis aimed to identify the policies (mechanisms) adopted by these mayors that contributed to reducing rates of violence against women in municipalities that elected left-wing mayors. Among the decisions possibly taken that contributed to the reduction in rates of violence against women include expanding vacancies in daycare centers and greater female participation in the job market. Such measures made it possible to combat the factors that make women more susceptible to violence.