Análise tecnológica do setor automotivo brasileiro

Abstract

This study analyzes technological innovations and the historical evolution of the automotive sector in Brazil starting from its formation in 1956 until 2022. The economic relevance of the sector, which accounted for approximately 25% of Brazil's GDP in 2019, is highlighted. The implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies, including automation, digital integration, and advanced manufacturing, aiming to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of national automakers, is discussed. Furthermore, public policies such as the Inovar-Auto program, which encouraged local production and technological innovation by providing tax benefits for companies investing in research and development, are addressed. The growing importance of electric vehicles is also analyzed, considering environmental impacts and the need for appropriate infrastructure to support this transition. Using Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction, the study explores innovation cycles and their impacts on the automotive market, highlighting how new technologies replace old ones and create new business opportunities. It is concluded that technological innovations and incentive policies are crucial for the competitiveness and sustainability of the sector in Brazil, emphasizing the need for continuous investments in research and development the training of skilled labor to face future challenges.