Sequência de ensino por investigação para o estudo de calorimetria com a construção de calorímetros artesanais

Abstract

The aim of this work were to teach the heat transmission processes through the construction of a homemade calorimeter and explore its thermal capacity. It was based on theoretical references of the Open Laboratory and Teaching by Investigation, to promote learning through investigative teaching. The tendency of physics in general to disregard real systems in most textbook examples and exercises was highlighted, often making them ideal systems. The main objective was to study the process of transmission heat and to demonstrate the existence of real systems and their approximation to an ideal system, and exploring these concepts through low-cost experimental activities. The work was divided into three parts. In the first proposed activity, students had to create a bottle to store a hot and cold drinks. In the second activity, students were asked to determine the thermal capacity of the thermos bottle they created. Finally, a discussion took place among students about strategies, methodologies, and validation of hypotheses in their practices. The activities were applied in the hybrid teaching system, since the world was facing a pandemic, COVID-19. The application proposal is not restricted to this system alone and can be applied to remote and in-person systems. The involvement of students was observed, even those who initially did not show interest in the subject, as they actively participated in the activities proposed at school. Analysis of the results revealed a positive impact on students' understanding of heat transmission processes.