Articulação entre demanda espontânea e programada na saúde da família: uma proposta de reorganização do processo de trabalho das equipes de saúde da família

Abstract

Primary Health Care (PHC) should prioritize welcoming and addressing these demands, aiming to ensure equitable and comprehensive access to health services. This research explores the different types of health demands, classified as spontaneous, scheduled, and suppressed, and aims to analyze the demand profile of users seeking care at the Family Health Units in a small municipality in Minas Gerais. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, conducted in São Francisco do Glória, Minas Gerais. The data was obtained from individual production reports of doctors and nurses who worked between 2018 and 2022, generated by the e-SUS AB Citizen Electronic Medical Record (PEC). Data collection took place from 02/2024 to 05/2024, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. A total of 32,368 medical consultations and 12,198 nursing consultations were analyzed from the Blue, White, and Orange ESF units, which showed the highest demand in the morning (medical consultations) and afternoon (nursing consultations). The majority of users were female, aged between 40 and 59 years, and the most common procedure was same-day consultation, with discharge as the most recorded outcome. The most prevalent ICD code was Z000 - General Examination and Investigation of People Without Reported Complaints or Diagnosis (25.2%), and the most frequent CIAP code was A98 - Preventive Medicine/Health Maintenance (15.6%). It is necessary for PHC to balance spontaneous and scheduled demands. The implementation of a "standard week" aims to organize appointment schedules, and understanding the demand profile provides insights into the population's needs, placing the user at the center of care and optimizing resources to improve both the care provided and user and professional satisfaction. It is essential for work processes within PHC to focus on effective welcoming, resolution, prevention, and health promotion.