Ocorrência de tuberculose no Município de Governador Valadares, no âmbito nacional e do estado de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Tuberculosis represents a global public health problem, being particularly serious in Brazil (BR). The objective of this study was to conduct a survey of reported cases of tuberculosis in the municipality of Governador Valadares (GV) to perform a dynamic diagnosis of this infection and to compare it with national and from the state of Minas Gerais (MG) data. An observational, retrospective study was carried out based on data obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System to obtain information from January 2001 to December 2022. Tuberculosis is a frequent disease, with 1,967,733 cases reported in BR in the period evaluated, 101,281 in Minas Gerais and 2,969 in GV, affecting a predominantly male population, of economically active age, of brown race, with low education, living in urban regions and in a situation of social vulnerability. A significant number of cases occurred among HIV-seropositive individuals, diabetics, and those with mental illnesses, with the exclusively pulmonary form of the disease being the most frequent. Most tuberculosis cases were laboratory-confirmed and sputum smear microscopy was the most used technique. Although the majority cases have progressed to cure, treatment abandonment is still a worrying reality, especially considering carriers of resistant strains, reinforcing the need for and importance of public health actions that aimed to accompany patients to ensure the completeness of treatment and avoid the transmission of resistant strains.