Uso do BIM em projetos geotécnicos de fundações diretas

Abstract

The growing need for the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the design and execution of projects in Brazil is justified by the savings in time and financial resources when compared to traditional systems. To promote the use of BIM, the federal government issued Decree 10.306, which establishes the mandatory use of BIM and defines deadlines for its implementation. In this context, continuous study of this system becomes relevant, with a view to its application in the near future. The present work developed a parametric family in the BIM system with the aim of carrying out the preliminary design of a centrally loaded reinforced concrete footing, allowing the user to make iterations in the foundation dimensions and obtain automated results from verification analyses for shear, anchorage, and base stress, in addition to calculating the foundation height. To achieve these objectives, a literature review was initially conducted, focusing on the intersection between BIM and geotechnics. Then, a two-story single-family residential building, fully furnished, was modeled using Autodesk's Revit 2023 software, with the architecture integrated with the structural model. This integration allowed for a realistic study of the approximate loads on each column, which served as the basis for the footing design. Additionally, a spreadsheet in Excel was developed, capable of gathering all the necessary information for the foundation’s preliminary design. At the end of the calculations, the spreadsheet generates a print area with a compilation of information about the footing in question, including verifications and dimensions in multiples of 5 cm to facilitate execution. Finally, a reinforced concrete footing family was developed in the same modeling software, which performs the same calculations as the Excel spreadsheet, aiming to simplify the calculation processes in future projects. In this way, it was possible to compare traditional calculation methods, based on the Excel spreadsheet, with the use of BIM. It was concluded that, despite the limitations related to the calculation using survey data, the developed family proved to be efficient for its purpose, representing a significant technological advance for civil engineering.