Um diálogo entre as teorias de C. G. Jung e J. Lacan sobre a noção de psicose a partir da obra memórias de um doente dos nervos

Abstract

This thesis is dedicated to an understanding of the delusional system in paranoid psychosis based on an analysis of the autobiographical work Memoirs of a Nervous Patient (1903), by Daniel Paul Schreber, presiding judge of the Supreme Court of Saxony. The study is built on the interlocution between Jung's and Lacan's initial theorizations on psychosis, which, however much they are reworked later, elucidate the genesis of the problems that both authors will deal with through their theoretical-clinical approaches. Their trajectories cover the transition from classical to dynamic psychiatry, from the notion of madness to that of psychosis, unfolding into schizophrenia and paranoia, until their first insertions into psychoanalysis. In this context, both scholars develop original understandings of psychosis - Jung, through schizophrenia, and Lacan, through paranoia - formulating hypotheses that displace Schreber's symptoms strictly as a disease. Memoirs (...) emerges as a central axis for this discussion, functioning as a textual laboratory that allows us to study the nature of psychosis beyond traditional psychiatric classifications. In this debate, we include the importance of Freud, whose recommendation of Memoirs (...) was made by Jung, who saw in it an articulation between delirium and the oneiric mechanisms described in The Interpretation of Dreams (1900). This reading inspired Freud to publish, in 1911, the essay Psychoanalytic Notes on an Autobiographical Account of a Case of Paranoia (Dementia Paranoides), marking the first psychoanalytic analysis of Schreber's work. From then on, the Jung-Freud-Lacan triad was formed, which is fundamental to this work. Both Jung and Lacan understand delirium not only as a break with reality or social maladjustment, but as an attempt at subjective reintegration expressed through language. Delirium, in this sense, obeys its own logic, distinct from linear consciousness, but governed by the symbolic operations of the unconscious. Thus, the analysis of Schreber's written language allows us to investigate the modes of symbolization in paranoid psychosis, showing how delusional themes and mythical creations operate within an internal logic. By restoring paranoia to its subjective dimension, Jung and Lacan contribute to an understanding of delirium as a structured discourse that expresses psychic suffering according to a logic specific to the unconscious. This logic shows the subject's effort to construct their own meaning in the face of their psychic fragmentation, in a (dis)organization of reality.