Por que nos comportamos como manada em investimentos: uma reflexão sobre comportamento financeiro

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of herd behavior on the investment decisions of financial organizations, with emphasis on both traditional and digital markets, particularly the cryptocurrency sector. Collective behavior, often driven by emotional factors such as the Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) and social pressure to follow the majority, significantly influences institutional and individual decision-making. This irrational pattern compromises critical analysis, encourages speculative trends, and amplifies market volatility, contributing to the formation of financial bubbles and systemic instability. The research identified that the lack of robust regulation and the high volatility of digital assets intensify risks associated with herd behavior. It also examined the risk management strategies adopted by financial organizations, such as portfolio diversification, use of analytical technologies, and reinforcement of prudent practices. Furthermore, the study highlighted the importance of financial education and effective regulation as key tools for mitigating the negative consequences of collective irrationality. As a conclusion, the findings suggest that addressing herd behavior requires an integrated approach, combining risk management, proactive market monitoring, and the development of an organizational culture centered on informed decision-making. Future research may explore in greater depth the connection between cognitive biases and speculative dynamics, as well as the role of emerging technologies in anticipating collective behavioral patterns. Financial education remains a central element in building more resilient and stable markets.