A doença periodontal em crianças e adolescentes com síndrome de down

Abstract

Periodontal disease is highly prevalent in individuals with Down syndrome, often manifesting early and progressing aggressively, even during childhood and adolescence. Multiple local and systemic factors contribute to this condition, including malocclusion, difficulties with oral hygiene, immune system alterations, pathogenic oral microbiota, hyposalivation, and motor impairment. Studies indicate that even with similar levels of dental plaque, individuals with Down syndrome present greater periodontal destruction, highlighting the role of specific immunological and microbiological factors. This literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar, and CAPES journals, encompassing both national and international studies. The objective of this study is to review the scientific literature on periodontal disease in children and adolescents with Down syndrome, analyzing the main contributing factors and the most effective therapeutic strategies. The findings underscore the importance of a preventive approach, early diagnosis, continuous monitoring, and a multidisciplinary effort in the management of these patients’ oral health