A contribuição teórico-metodológica do marxismo para a apreensão da questão étnico-racial no Brasil: reflexões para o serviço social

Abstract

This dissertation investigates the relationship between Marxism and the ethnic-racial question, aiming to demonstrate, through bibliographic and reflective analysis, the theoretical and methodological contribution of Marxism to the understanding of the ethnic-racial question in Brazil. It is based on the hypothesis that, regarding the ethnicracial question, the use of Marxism without an intrinsic articulation between theoretical appropriation and methodological mobilization may result in eclectic approaches that limit the apprehension of the object from a perspective of totality. The central argument, that is, the defended thesis, is that the Marxist theoretical-methodological perspective, understood as an articulated unity between theory and method, offers indispensable contributions to the critical analysis and understanding of the ethnic-racial question in Brazil, allowing it to be comprehended as constitutive of and inseparable from capitalism. To do so, it requires the mobilization of Marx’s methodological categories: totality, contradiction, and mediation. The methodology employed was bibliographic research, drawing on theoretical references from the Marxist field. The thesis is organized as follows: the introduction, in which the object, objectives, justifications, hypothesis, and thesis are presented; the discussion of the method and investigative methodology; an exploration of the Marxist theoretical-methodological perspective, with emphasis on its constitutive methodological categories; the debate on the relationship between Marxism and the ethnic-racial question, where the central argument is developed; and, finally, the concluding synthesis, which revisits the main reflections developed throughout the research, highlighting the contributions of the Marxist perspective to the understanding of the ethnic-racial question in Brazil and proposing some considerations for Social Work. This dissertation does not aim to conclude the debate; it suggests that, as its object of analysis is in constant movement within reality. In this sense, the research provides valuable insights, acknowledges its limitations, and opens up paths for new investigations.