O zoneamento ambiental como instrumento de política urbana antidesastre: análise dos pressupostos para a elaboração do plano diretor resiliente

Abstract

This article examines the necessary integration between environmental zoning and the master plan in the implementation of disaster-prevention policies, with the aim of mitigating the effects caused by unregulated urban growth and inappropriate occupation of areas susceptible to major landslides, flash floods, or related geological and hydrological processes. Accordingly, the study investigates whether the master plan, by incorporating disaster- prevention policies, is, in itself, sufficiently effective to promote sustainability and mitigate urban-environmental impacts in cities with urban resilience profiles. The working hypothesis is that disaster-prevention policies, aimed at preventing damage and restoring risk areas in resilient cities, are not rendered effective merely by the mandatory existence of the master plan. On the contrary, they depend, prior to the establishment of such an urban policy tool, on the implementation of environmental zoning—an essential instrument for defining a city’s ecological vulnerabilities and economic potential, and for identifying the urban-environmental impacts necessary for building sustainable and resilient cities. Finally, the methodology employed is based on an interdisciplinary bibliographic research of a descriptive nature, using qualitative data, and adopts as its theoretical framework Ignacy Sachs’s (1993) thesis on environmental sustainability.