Índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal e o conceito ampliado de saúde: análise nas capitais brasileiras

Abstract

This work was undertaken in order to understand the behavior of the Municipal Human Development Index (IDHM) as compared to other indicators that make up the wider definition of health, investigating the effectiveness of IDHM as a beacon for public health policies. This cross-sectional epidemiological study using demographic, socioeconomic, mortality, morbidity, resources and coverage indicators compared them to the IDHM in 27 capital cities based on the year 2010. Data were compiled in a database and analyzed statistically with the Pearson correlation coefficient between variables and simple correspondence analysis after categorization of the variables. The indicators infant mortality, mortality in children under five years of age with acute diarrheal disease, unemployment, illiteracy rate and average household income per capita show a strong correlation with the IDHM. The proportion of elderly people, aging index, specific mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases and malignancies despite having strong correlation with IDHM, which indicates an improvement in human development, are often misunderstood and overlooked and this can lead to lack of investment in the area. Thus, it is concluded that the IDHM own merits by diverting the focus of the economic development, but needs to be interpreted with caution, not allowing the index to overlap with the concept.