Escola e família: um estudo sobre a participação das famílias na vida escolar dos alunos do ensino fundamental e ensino médio

Abstract

This dissertation was developed in the context of the Professional Master's Degree in Education Management and Assessment at the Center for Public Policies and Education Assessment at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CAEd/UFJF). The research analyzes the participation of families in the school life of students at the "Monte das Ideias" School. We listed the following research question: what are the causes of the absence of families in the school life of students at the "Monte das Ideias" School and what strategies can be developed to increase their participation in the educational process? The general objective of the research is to identify and analyze the causes of the absence of families in school activities, aiming to propose changes and develop strategies to improve the teaching-learning process. The specific objectives are to describe the participation of the school community in the actions and projects of the Elementary and High School of the "Monte das Ideias" School; to analyze the factors associated with the low participation of families in school life; and to propose actions and indicate ways to increase the participation of parents in the decisions and projects developed by the school to promote democratic management. The research revealed that the main cause of low parental involvement is related to socioeconomic issues and lack of time, in addition to a perception that the school is distant from the reality of families. Another factor identified was poor communication between the school and parents, with little clarity about the channels of participation and the school's expectations regarding the involvement of parents. The results indicated that, in order to improve this relationship, a joint effort between the school and families is necessary, with more inclusive and accessible actions, such as meetings with more flexible schedules and more direct and constant communication. Based on these results, the conclusion indicates that the democratic management of the "Monte das Ideias" school can be improved through actions that seek to involve families more effectively, such as the creation of spaces for dialogue, the implementation of a meeting schedule that takes into account the families' conditions and the use of more effective communication tools. In addition, the research suggests the adoption of educational projects that include the active participation of parents in decisions and in the school's daily routine. The school-family relationship must be understood as a continuous process of construction, and not as a one-off action, with the promotion of educational co-responsibility being a key factor for students' academic success.