A Lei nº 14.994/2024 e o combate à violência de gênero: entre o punitivismo simbólico e a necessidade de políticas integradas

Abstract

This paper analyzes the complex issue of gender-based violence in Brazil, aiming to investigate the trajectory of the legislation enacted to combat it, culminating in the analysis of Law No. 14,994/2024, which established femicide as an autonomous crime. The methodology employed consisted of qualitative bibliographic and documentary research. The investigation begins with an analysis of the historical roots of patriarchy and its influence on the naturalization of violence. It then examines the fundamental normative landmarks, such as the Maria da Penha Law (Law No. 11,340/2006) and the previous Femicide Law (Law No. 13,104/2015), before proceeding to examine the innovations and critiques related to Law No. 14,994/2024. The results indicate that although the new law represents a significant symbolic advance and a penal toughening, its effectiveness is potentially limited. It is concluded that the articulation of the new legislation with integrated and intersectoral public policies is indispensable as an essential condition for the effective transformation of the social reality and the structural combat against gender-based violence.