Profilaxia pré exposição: uma revisão narrativa dos ensaios clínicos como medida preventiva a epidemia do HIV

Abstract

Acquired Immune Disease Syndrome, also known as AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), is a sexually transmitted disease that is caused later by a more advanced stage of HIV. The human immunodeficiency virus belongs to the Retroviridae family, the Orthoretrovirinae subfamily, and the Lentivirus genus. The virus is characterized by being human only, that is, it does not have its reservoir in another animal and its R0 (basic reproduction rate) is approximately 4 people. There is no cure for HIV, however, it can be controlled by treatment regimens consisting of a combination of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is one of the biomedical interventions that provides safety to the risk behavior and has been gaining great adherence along with the most advanced studies. CAB-LA has emerged as a new and positive alternative and extremely efficient, which together with other prevention tools, can help reduce the number of new cases. Among other drugs, we can consider tenofovir disoproxil fumarate associated with emtricitabine and the recent lecanapavir, which are other alternatives with promising research and considered as new tools for the use of PrEP.