Síntese de vidros fosfato dopados com titânio e seu estudo óptico, estrutural e biológico para possível aplicação em biomateriais

Abstract

Phosphate-based glasses have been investigated for bioactive material applications, such as dental and bone tissue prostheses, due to their biocompatibility with the human body. This study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and analyze Phosphate Glasses and Titaniumdoped Phosphate Glasses by examining their structure, optical and mechanical properties, and biological characteristics, with the prospect of using these materials as bioactive agents.The work began with the synthesis of phosphate glasses with the structure 55P₂O₅ + (40 - x)Na₂O + 5ZnO + xAl₂O₃ (where x = 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 mol%), designated as PNZxA. These glasses were subsequently doped with Titanium, resulting in the structure 55P₂O₅ + (30 - x)Na₂O + 5ZnO + 10Al₂O₃ + xTiO₂ (where x = 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mol%), referred to as PNZAxT. Both sample sets were produced using the melt-quenching technique. The powdered reagents were mixed, placed in a porcelain crucible, and heated in a furnace at temperatures ranging from 950°C to 1100°C for the base matrices and 1200°C for the Titanium-doped glasses. The molten material was poured into preheated molds at an average temperature of 370°C and then annealed in a furnace at temperatures between 340°C and 435°C for the undoped glasses and at 435°C for the doped samples. The samples underwent various characterization techniques, including density measurements, FTIR, Raman, XRD, SEM, and Vickers Microhardness. The developed bioactive glasses exhibited promising properties, as supported by comparisons with existing literature. Compositions with aluminum showed notable chemical stability, while samples containing titanium proved particularly suitable for biological applications, such as in the fabrication of bone implants or prosthetic coatings.