A atuação do treinador como fator determinante da motivação e coesão em atletas de basquetebol: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Basketball, as a team sport, demands not only physical and technical skills, but also psychological and social factors that directly influence the performance and retention of athletes in the sport. In this context, the coach's role stands out as a central element in building a motivational climate and promoting group cohesion within teams. This study aimed to identify and analyze original articles that investigated the influence of the coach on the motivation and group cohesion of basketball athletes. This is a systematic literature review, conducted according to the PRISMA method guidelines, with searches performed in the PubMed and Embase databases, encompassing studies published between 2005 and 2025. After applying the eligibility criteria, six articles were included in the final analysis. The results indicate that coach behaviors based on supporting autonomy, competence, and task orientation are associated with higher levels of intrinsic motivation, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, reduced anxiety, and strengthened group cohesion. Conversely, controlling leadership styles and environments marked by excessive pressure proved detrimental to the athletes' sporting experience. It is concluded that the coach plays a crucial role in creating motivationally healthy sporting environments, and that the adoption of coaching practices based on positive psychological principles is fundamental for the athletic development and well-being of basketball players.