Geotecnologias na análise espacial de sinistros de trânsito e a efetividade da fiscalização eletrônica na segurança viária: estudo de caso em Juiz de Fora (MG), 2018–2023

Abstract

This study analyzes the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of traffic accidents in Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil, between 2018 and 2023, aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of electronic enforcement in promoting safer and more sustainable urban mobility. The research is based on a quantitative and geospatial approach, utilizing official data processed within a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment to identify critical points (hotspots) through Kernel Density Estimation. The study investigates the correlation between the high incidence of accidents and the structural challenges of a medium-sized city, such as accelerated vehicle fleet growth and the precariousness of public transport—factors that reinforce dependence on individual motorized transport within a radial road network configuration. The analysis of speed camera effectiveness was based on a comparative "before-and-after" evaluation of device installation, verifying the actual impact on record reduction and changes in driver behavior. The results reveal that while electronic enforcement shows positive outcomes in high-visibility axes, territorial mismatches persist where isolated speed control proves insufficient. In conclusion, the study proposes guidelines for the strategic relocation of equipment and the integration of engineering interventions that prioritize active mobility and the Safe Systems concept. Consequently, the research provides technical support for urban planning, aiming to transform road safety management into a tool for life preservation and the promotion of socio-spatial equity.