O uso do discurso reportado direto por uma pessoa com afasia: um estudo à luz da interface entre as vertentes linguísticas cognitiva e interacional

Abstract

Seminal studies regarding aphasias (Jackson, 1931; Goldstein, 1939 e 1948) spread the idea that linguistic behavior of aphasic people can be seen, at least in part, as a manifestation of the adaptation to the effects of the underlying lesion, instead of simply being a direct reflex of such lesion. In accordance with such way of understanding aphasic people linguistic manifestation, the current study aims to investigate the phenomenon of perspective in the direct reported speech of an aphasic person, who presents difficulty of utterances structuration. Taking as a starting point Penn’s theory (1997), linked to an interactional approach in which the use of direct speech by aphasic speakers consists in a ‘simplification strategy’, it is established here an interface between cognitive and interactional slopes in linguistics, searching for theoretical groundings based on Cognitive Linguistics slope studies (Sanders, 1994; Sanders e Redeker, 1996), in order to support such theory. Besides, the contribution of interactional approaches (Wilkinson et al., 2010; Schely-Newman, 2009; Hengst et al., 2005; Tannen, 1989) instigates a detour of the investigation focus towards the interactional context in order to permit a better comprehension of perspective phenomenon of an aphasic person direct speech in conversational situations. Linguistic material qualitatively analyzed in this case study is part of a corpus composed of 15 hours of video recordings of face to face group conversations between aphasic and non-aphasic people, transcript according to transcription conventions proposed by Gail Jefferson. Starting from the analysis of excerpts clipped from conversations chosen for investigation, the motivating interactional thesis of this research was cognitively corroborated; besides, still through cognitive slope groundings, it was possible to investigate cognitive configuration constructions of perspective phenomenon in the use of direct reported speech by an aphasic person. Regarding interactional slope contributions to the undertaken investigations, starting from them, it was possible to broaden the vision on this object of study (perspective), in order to verify that in the use of language, besides character’s perspective (on the agenda of cognitive studies) narrator’s perspective (the one that uses reported speech) also becomes relevant, bringing several interactional benefits to interpretation.