Instrução pública, estado-nação e cidadania: escolarização dos negros livres e libertos no termo de Mariana (1828-1860)

Abstract

The study focuses on the first half of the nineteenth century, the initial stage of the process of building the foundations of the nation state. We seek to cast eyes on the Mariana term in an attempt to understand to what extent the process of schooling of free blacks and freed occurred in that context, was related to the experience of citizenship was being built in the Brazilian context during the Empire. Public education as a civil right, and the experience of free and freed through education led us to forge interpretations of the nature of the nation-state that was intended to form. The existence of civil equality, which comes from 1824 with the Constitution, in that it is incorporated in a society marked by slavery and by strong tensions of racial nature, rather than generate greater social equality, eventually constituting, so sui generis, in contributing factor to greater complexity of social hierarchies. These were, largely, from a fundamental need of social groups affected by the racial question, namely, to get away from the stigma of slavery, using capacity as members of civil society. In this context, access `training in imperial society by blacks contributed not only to the legitimacy but especially with the complexity of social hierarchies in society, always looking to get away from the stigma of slavery.