Simulação em tempo real de uma planta solar conectada à rede elétrica de distribuição utilizando RTDS e dSPACE

Abstract

An important issue for the integration of Distributed Generation (DG) is the reliability and quality of energy supplied to consumers. This work aims at analyzing the grid connection of a photovoltaic (PV) system and its effects on the electrical network using realtime simulation. The implemented simulation system consists of photovoltaic systems, power converters, variable load and electrical grid, implemented in Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) while the control is run from the dSPACE controller, creating a Hardware In the Loop (HIL) platform. The load models were developed based on actual demand profile from three different distribution feeders of the city of Leopoldina, in the state of Minas Gerais. The feeders’ measurement data was taken with an interval of 15 minutes, with a total measurement time of 24 hours. Solar radiation data used in the PV models has been measured at the Solar Laboratory – Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, also for a 24-hour period. The purpose of this study is to perform a HIL simulation, combining RTDS and dSPACE, which is a digital controller. With real-time/ HIL simulation, it is possible to investigate the behavior of the system with the power injected by the PV system, including inverter control used to attach the different photovoltaic systems to the grid, in a model which approaches reality, with low implementation cost and higher safety. Results show a comparison between the active and reactive power injected by the photovoltaic system and network, and the power consumed by the loads, verifying the implemented control strategy.