Comunicação de recém-nascidos em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal: decodificação por enfermeiros

Abstract

The communication is part of an ongoing process that involves people and factors, which act on each other, influencing and being stimulated by sound, tactile, visual and painful mechanisms. The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is a place full of these mechanisms. The contact with this place propitiates the newborn a different experience from that experienced before birth, in the womb. When the newborn receives these stimulus, he/she reacts, demonstrating welfare/comfort or discomfort / nuisance through nonverbal codes. The aims of this study are to describe the elements of nonverbal communication of newborns admitted to the NICU that are identified and decoded by the nurse and discuss the nonverbal communication of newborns, admitted to the NICU, under the Kinesics Theory. This is a qualitative and descriptive study, in which data were collected in a hospital in the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais through semi structured interviews with 16 nurses in the NICU. The thematic units that emerged from this research were: the nurse’s understanding about the nonverbal communication of the newborn; the interpretation / decoding of nurses for the demonstrations expressed by the newborn and the valuation of nonverbal communication in the NICU. It’s important to say that the communication is part of life since pregnancy and can affect and interfere heavily in development and growth , there is no scientific support for the claim that the neonate does not communicate , on the contrary, not verbalizing does not imply the act of not communicating . Thus, this study aims cooperating as consult and as reorientation of nursing professionals, offering subsidies for continuous improvement in the quality of care provided by them, to care for the newborn.