A interpretação de Martin Heidegger acerca do sagrado no poema Como quando em dia de feriado de Friederich Hölderlin

Abstract

The object of research in this thesis is the interpretation of the holy proposed by German philosopher Martin Heidegger (1889 – 1976) on the basis of his reading of Friedrich Hölderlin’s (1770 – 1843) poem Wie wenn am Feiertage... (As on a holiday). Heidegger’s turning to Hölderlin’s poetry takes place due to a necessity intrinsic to the path of his own thinking. From 1930 onwards, when the so-called Heideggerian Kehre (“turn”) begins, the search for the meaning of Being continues to be the main issue for his thought. Heidegger proposes a search for the meaning of being which at the same time preserves its proper dynamics of manifestation, which is a dynamics of “giving itself” alternately as presence and/or absence. Poetry is considered by Heidegger as a special because higher kind of language which has the unique potential to preserve Being as mystery. In other words, poetry is able to think Being without exhausting it through impoverishing concepts. Hölderlin is, according to Heidegger, the poet who unlike any other knew how to sing the flight of the gods in a time of holy mourning. With Hölderlin, the space of manifestation of the holy is preserved in spite of the flight of the gods.