Síntese, caracterização e avaliação da atividade imunossupressora de diaminas e aminoálcoois lipofílicos

Abstract

Immunosuppressant drugs are the main drugs that can affect the immune response, reducing the activation of the innate and acquired immunities. The immunosuppresive drugs are used in the treatment of several autoimmune diseases, some allergies, and in the prevention and/or treatment of the rejection of transplanted organs and tissues. The objective of the present work is the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of the biological activity of new lipophilic aminoalcohols. For synthesis of the desired compounds, a commercial diol (1,2-tetradecanediol) was treated with mesyl chloride leading to the corresponding monomesylate. The late compound was treated with a diamine (1,2-ethanediamine or 1,3-propanediamine), to furnish the corresponding Nmonoalkylated diamines. The monomesylate was also treated with four aminoalcohols, leading to the correspondings N–alkylated derivatives. After purification, the compounds were characterized by IR and 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The in vitro evaluation of the biological activity of the compounds was carried out using the lineage cell J774.1, stimulated with BCG and IFN-g. The Griess Method was used for determining the production of nitric oxide (NO), and the cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated by the MTT Method. Compound 10 at the concentration of 0.05 mg/ mL; compounds 11, 12, 16, 19 at the concentrations of 0.5 mg/ mL and 0.05 mg/ mL, and compound 14 at the concentrations of 0.5 mg/ mL and 0.005 mg/ mL decreased significantly the production of NO, but did not decrease the cell proliferation and were not cytotoxic. These results suggest an immunosuppressive activity. The in vivo evaluation of compounds 12 and 19 was realized using the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction against ovalbumin (OA), where both compounds showed immunosuppressive activity.