A produção de corpos trans e suas interseções com os processos saúde-doença: efeitos (in)desejáveis e autonomia dos corpos

Abstract

The Studies about the so-called "gender transformations", in its early days, were characterized by conceptions that prioritize understand the biological basis of gender. This process was view as something of unnatural order, based on a naturalization of one sex given by nature. The first anthropological studies were marked by anatomo-physiological definitions, which insisted on the idea of pathologizing trans performances, considered as disorders. With the advancement of feminist studies, there was apart between sex and gender, allowing a more focused approach to the construction of social realities and identity. Also, there is changes in the studies about body, gender, and sexuality, by pushing the field of study of feminism to recognize the social issue and not only biological issue of gender identity. Based on queer theory, they proposes to break the fixed gender binaries and to ask if the alignment made such as natural between sex-gender-orientation of desire is the only possible way of normality. In terms of health care, studies show that health services are geared toward a straight population, based on traight rules overlooking the specific necessities of LGBT population health. Thereby, travestis, transsexuals, transgender and intersex people are neglected in the full and integral access to health care by reductive conception that health professionals still have focused only in cases of illness. This conception neglect the specific demands of each person's body change also reproduce biological and binary models of gender to define male and female bodies, which must be exclusive to each other. Thus, the present research aims to understand the relationship between the construction of the body of trans men and transsexuals, intersex people, and the possible impacts on your health processes. It is a qualitative research with exploratory design. The sources were included as informants the investigation according to the following criteria: be recognized as travesti, transsexual or in any transit process; has more than 18 years; make use of dispositives in the construction of your body. For access to this population, the researcher sought to accomplish an immersion in the field by ethnographic inspiration, based on participant observation. The members of support group of the project already in progress facilitated this work, since the researcher already works in the group while enabler and has a network of informants. It has chosen three stories that even cleared the field of analysis of this research: a transsexual woman, a man trans and intersexual man. Based on the methodology of oral story and life stories, individual interviews were conducted that allowed for discussing aspects related to the construction of these body processes people and their intersections with the public health system. The analysis of the material collected was guided by the method of discourse analysis, of foucauldian approach, which seeks to see the place occupied by the true games, power relations and, above all, by the ways of the subject's relationship with yourself and with others, to build a body experiences of transgender and intersex also their possible intersections. There is still a pathologizing of bodies occupying the border of cisgender rules, based on the naturalization of a ontological truth materialized by the sexual binary differences that will define the body and the gender identity of the people. This conception directs public health policies about transgender and intersex people, surrounding the surgical autonomy theirs bodies because of the biomedical, legal and psi power that will legitimize their bodies and their existence through its guidelines.