Associação entre asma e enurese em população escolar de Juiz de Fora

Abstract

Introduction: Enuresis, sleeping respiratory problems and asthma are diseases that compromises the quality of sleep in children and may occur isolate or in association with each other. Enuresis is considered one of the most common sleeping disorders in pediatrics. Sleeping respiratory disorders (SRD) such as obstructive sleep apnea are common problems in infancy and association with enuresis has been demonstrated. According to the United Airway Concept, abnormalities of both superior and inferior airways may coexist. A sibilant toddler has a greater chance of having snoring and nocturnal apnea. Since asthma and SRD may be associated and SRD has an association with enuresis, we questioned the possibility of the association between asthma and enuresis. Objective: to evaluate possibility of the association between asthma and enuresis in children 6 to 14 years of age. Methods: Between August 2012 and March 2015, parents of children between 6 to 14 years of age from 16 different schools in our region were randomly chosen for interview. Children with non-monosymptomatic enuresis, neurological diseases were not included. A specific questionnaire for SRD (Tucson) and the ISAAC questionnaire (Internacional Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) were used for the evaluation of SRD and Asthma and a structured questionnaire was applied to evaluate enuresis and its characteristics. Results: We evaluated 524 children, 283 males and 240 females, with mean age in years of 9.42 ±2.46. The overall prevalence of enuresis in this sample was 15.87% [12.98-19.26%] 95%CI. Enuresis is associated to apnea reported by parents OR = 5.34 [2.19 to 13.03] 95% CI (p = 0.0002), to history of wheezing at any time of life OR = 1,63[1, 01 to 2.64] 95% CI (p = 0.0465) and to have current asthma OR = 2.33 [1.37 to 3.95] 95% CI (p = 0.0017) Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that asthma, as well with sleeping respiratory disorders, is associated with primary nocturnal enuresis.