Controlador preditivo aplicado na regulação das correntes de um motor CC de ímãs permanentes sem escovas de baixa indutância

Abstract

This thesis presents the design and implementation steps of a digital predictive controller to regulate a low–inductance, three–phase, three–wire permanent magnet brushless DC (BLDC) motor currents. These types of motors are usually driven by multi-stage converters, switched at high frequencies, or use additional inductances to limit the current ripple. The motor’s trapezoidal back electromotive force and rectangular currents waveforms make the design and the tuning process of linear controllers difficult. This task complexity increases when a wide speed range is considered. Digital predictive controllers are easily implemented using digital signal processors (DSP), as successfully used for different types of power electronic converters currents regulation. Three switching strategies (bipolar, synchronous unipolar e unipolar) are used to obtain three PWM predictive controllers to regulate the rectangular currents of a brushless DC motor, without the need for any additional filters or converter. Due the fact that the currents flow only between two phases of the motor at every π/3 rad period makes possible to operate the three-phase voltage source inverter as a full-bridge DC–DC converter. This feature simplify the control algorithm which requires only one controller to synthesize the three-phase currents. A methodology to eliminate the steady-state error due to blanking time, switches voltage drop, sampling delay and pulse driver delay were incorporated in the modified predictive control law. Experimental and simulation results using a 5 kW/48 V three–phase BLDC motor are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of this proposal. The control algorithm was implemented in a digital signal controller TMS320F28335.