Otimização bioinspirada aplicada na localização de robôs móveis

Abstract

This work presents the adaptation and use an algorithm from evolutionary artificial intelligence area, bioinspired in the echolocation system of bats to solve the problem of global location for mobile robots in two-dimensional environments with known maps. It is widely known in literature that the localization of robots based only on deduced reckoning accumulates many stochastic errors, which cannot be eliminated deterministically, requesting statistical filtering methods to obtain the correct location. Among the various alternatives known to solve the problem of localization, we chose the Recursive Method of Monte Carlo, also kown as Particle Filter, for comparison purposes with the results obtained by the Bat Algorithm, because of its multimodal and nonparametric features, and alse because it is a classic algorithm in robotics localization area. The Bat Algorithm is a recursive optimization method of system states immerse in multimodal environments. It is bioinspired in the echolocation systems found in bats and other animals in nature. In comparison results between the two methods, the proposed technique showed the best results for both localization error and the number of iterations required to reach the solution, and consequently the algorithm convergence time. To develop this work, the Matlab software was used with the ROS framework along with the terrestrial mobile robot Pioneer P3-DX for simulated and real results.