Violência escolar: elaboração, implementação e avaliação de um programa de intervenção

Abstract

The violence is a worrisome phenomenon for Brazilian society and, from the moment that violence happens in schools, more attention must be paid to it. School violence is a problem that deeply affects those involved in the educational process causing harm in both short and long term. As this phenomenon is increasingly present in society and entails serious problems, it is important that something is done to reduce school violence, promote health and transforms the schools into an environment of peace, an adequate place to fulfill its functions. Considering the literature about interventions in school violence, it is understood that the promotion of social skills and a sense of belonging are important factors that make it possible to reduce it. Therefore, an intervention program which objectives its reduction was developed and implemented in four 6th grade classes of a public elementary school in Juiz de Fora. The intervention program consists of 13 meetings, one per week and lasting approximately 50 minutes each. The examination of the possible results of the intervention occurred in two ways: analysis of the students' answers in BEVESCO (Battery of Scales of School Violence) and analysis of the interviews of ten teachers or school managers. Both forms of evaluation occurred in two moments (before and after the intervention). BEVESCO’s results were analyzed using the Wilcoxon non-parametric test and the interviews were analyzed using the content analysis procedure. No comments can be made on the actual effectiveness of the program due to the absence of an experimental delimitation. However, both forms of evaluation pointed to lower school violence after the intervention. Interviews with teachers/managers also pointed to positive changes in student behavior, in the student-manger/student-teacher relationship and the relationship between students. In a complementary way, the interviews also allowed to recognize, study and explore the relation of the respondents with school violence situations, how often they knew about the situations and/or experienced it, the reason why they think it occurs, how they deal with it and if they believe that they are read to handle it.