Teoria e política curricular de Educação Física: a conformação dos Conteúdos Básicos Comuns de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Placing oneself before a historical and critical perspective of Physical Education (PE) means reflecting on its epistemological, political and social condition in a reality of disputes and contingencies. This implies considering their curriculum as precious research artifacts, because if we accept that they are inventions of modernity, being a powerful means of organizing students' experiences in order to construct certain identities, they become legitimate objects of inquiry. Thus, the objectives of this thesis are: (1) to identify and analyze the procedures for the elaboration of the curricular proposal of EF of Minas Gerais - the Common Basic Content (CBC) - developed by its organizers; (2) to identify which procedures guided their decisions and in what political context this occurred; And (3) to critically analyze the curricular proposal, its theoretical foundations, guidelines, articulating the documentary analysis with the lines of the subjects that elaborated the proposal. The work intends to investigate its influence contexts of production considering the method of the Ball Policy Cycle. The main issues are: (1) What curriculum theories subsidized such a proposal? (2) What political, ideological, and epistemological aspects appear in the construction and within the CBC? The methodological procedures involved different moments articulated among themselves: (1) bibliographical review; (2) analysis of documentary content - the CBC of EF; (3) analysis of contexts of influence (historical and political); And (4) the use of a focused non-structured interview with the central processors of the proposal in question. The discussion is illuminated by consecrated references in the educational scenario of curriculum studies, especially Antonio Flavio Moreira, Tomáz Tadeu da Silva and José Augusto Pacheco, as well as the theoreticians with whom they usually talk. For the debate in the EF field, the critical theories of the Renovation Movement, from João Paulo Medina and Valter Bracht, stand out, reaching the post-critical works of Marcos Neira and Mário Nunes. It is clear from the research that the CBCs remained linked to the traditional and instrumental perspectives of the area for a number of reasons: (1) inspiration in NCPs and the promotion of neoliberal corporations over education in Minas Gerais; (2) the fragility of critical proposals, with difficulty in signifying a curriculum that privileges critical thinking by moving; (3) the influence of the perspectives of psychomotricity, which, rather than stimulating a change, reinforce the uncritical view of EF as a support for cognition; (4) the lack of internal epistemological coherence of the document; (5) the influence of the technical standards of the previous Minas Gerais curricular document; (6) the evaluation of school EF maintained in the idea of control and regulatory pressure; (7) the politics of the process and the false prerogative of autonomy that central power attributed to schools; (8) the fragile participation of school teachers in the Professional Development Groups (GDP); And (9) the influence of other institutionalized government sectors on school EF. It is argued, finally, about the possibility of a cultural recontextualization of curricular politics as a stage that favors school locations.