Perfil de saúde de gestantes brasileiras: uma análise do Vigitel, 2009-2013

Abstract

Pregnancy is constituted as a natural process of women. During this period the improvement is possible in the management of these women in prenatal care, in the sense that pregnant women get healthier lifestyle that will prevent disease and unwanted complications. The aim of this study was to identify and assess the health profile of Brazilian women with a focus on NCDs and health behaviors, according to sociodemographic characteristics. We evaluated 1,855 pregnant women who responded to the survey Risk Factors Surveillance and Protection for Chronic Diseases Telephone Survey in 2009-2013. Analyzed the sociodemographic profile of pregnant women, and the prevalence of behaviors and chronic diseases: tobacco use, alcohol consumption, regular consumption of fruits and vegetables, consumption of soft drinks, milk consumption, consumption of meat with visible fat, activity physical, hypertension and diabetes. It evaluated also the self-classification of health status and tracking of cervical cancer. Data analyzes were performed using the statistical program Statistical Software for Professional (Stata) version 14.0 and Survey module commands, taking into account the weight and therefore the representativeness of the sample. To analyze the differences in prevalence by age, education and region, the adjusted prevalence ratios and their respective 95% CI were estimated using Poisson regression model with robust variance justifying use by its use in more frequent events. The highest proportion of pregnant women were between 26 and 34 years of age (48.0%) were white (39.2%) had a partner (61.2%), working (60.7%) and had from 9 to 11 years of education (50.4%). The prevalence of pregnant women was higher in the Southeast (41.7%) and Northeast (26.6%). The prevalence of alcohol consumption (13.5% <4 doses in the last 30 days) and tobacco (6.1%) were low, but not ideal. On the other hand, found a high prevalence of inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables (62.9%) and physical inactivity (87.2%). Excessive consumption of soft drinks (5 or more days / week) as well as the consumption of meat with visible fat, was observed in about 30% of pregnant women. Approximately 96% of them had at least one negative behavior. The results show a poor quality of food and sedentary lifestyle of pregnant women, mostly emphasizing the importance of strategies and interventions in the public health system to better nutrition, healthier behavior and prevention of chronic diseases in this population, which could benefit from positive outcomes in maternal and fetal health, provide quality of life for the binomial and thus reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.